Breeding objectives for two sheep meat‑production systems using terminal breeds

Abstract

The main goal is to develop economic values (EVs) that guide genetic selection in terminal sheep breeds, thus enhancing economic profitability. The specific objectives include defining representative production systems and quantifying traits that directly impact income and production costs, such as carcass weight and carcass grading. Two production systems (semi-intensive and intensive) were analyzed, deriving EVs for different traits. For carcass weight, feed consumption was penalized in one scenario (H₁), while in the other (H₂), consumption was included as an independent trait. Values were expressed in US dollars per unit of increase in key traits such as weaning weight and fat thickness. The study shows that defining selection objectives is critical to guiding genetic improvement. Traits such as carcass weight and conformation were prioritized. Additionally, penalties for feed consumption were established in some cases, highlighting the importance of balancing growth with feed costs. Intensive systems showed greater economic benefits compared to semi-intensive systems. The study proposes an approach that integrates genetic, productive, and economic factors to improve efficiency and performance in sheep meat production in Uruguay. The resulting economic values provide guidance for genetic selection towards animals that offer greater economic benefits, contributing to the sustainable development of the sheep industry.